钒钛铁精矿碳热还原制备Fe-Ti(C,N)复合材料

以钒钛铁精矿和煤粉为原料,通过碳热还原法制备Fe-Ti(C,N)复合材料。采用正交实验研究了还原温度、碳氧比、还原时间和MgO添加量对还原产物的物相组成和碳氮化钛中C/N比的影响。对还原产物进行了X射线衍射分析,结果表明,还原温度对还原产物中碳氮化钛的C/N比的影响程度较大,而MgO的添加不利于碳氮化钛的形成。还原温度为1450℃、还原时间为40min、碳氧比为1.4时,还原产物的C/N比达到较大值。     

Reconstructing design parameters of a rectangular resonator via peak signal-to-noise ratio and global optimization algorithms

This article proposes an approach for reconstructing physical parameters of a sample in a rectangular resonator during microwave radiation, knowing a priori, its electric field distribution. The inverse problem was solved using two global optimization algorithms and the peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) criterion. First, the Self-regulated Fretwidth Harmony Search algorithm (SFHS) identified suitable resonant frequencies for a given configuration. Next, the unified Particle Swarm Optimization (UPSO) optimized said configuration. Together, they became a maximization strategy of the PSNR through a dual optimization process. Results showed the ability of the approach for estimating the height of each sample block and the resonating frequency of the cavity. This process takes longer to finish as a higher PSNR is demanded (mainly due to the aforementioned dual optimization). Even so, it allows for more similar electric field distributions between both, the direct and inverse problems.     

“超材料”结构吸波复合材料技术研究

研究了"超材料"结构吸波复合材料的制备技术及其力学性能与电性能。通过突破不同尺寸金属周期结构单元制备、金属周期结构单元转移、含金属周期结构单元吸波复合材料工艺参数优化等关键技术,制备出电性能和力学性能批次间稳定性良好的含多层金属周期结构单元的"超材料"结构吸波复合材料,"超材料"结构吸波复合材料在2~18GHz频率范围具有宽频高吸收的特性。     

改性碳纳米材料在低温燃料电池中的应用

碳纳米材料(如炭黑、介孔碳、碳纳米管、石墨烯、碳纳米纤维、碳纳米角等)因其优异的电学性能和结构特性(良好的导电性能和超大的比表面积),被研究者广泛用作低温燃料电池贵金属催化剂的载体。然而,作为催化剂载体的这类碳纳米材料通常都存在电化学腐蚀的问题,碳载体的腐蚀通常会导致贵金属纳米催化剂的聚集,这将使催化剂的性能降低。为了改善碳载体的抗腐蚀性能,提高金属纳米粒子的活性和稳定性,许多研究工作致力于制备特殊结构的碳纳米材料,或对碳纳米材料进行表面修饰、掺杂等。与此同时,为了取代价格昂贵的贵金属催化剂,非贵金属催化剂的研究也成为一大热点,掺杂碳纳米材料就是研究热点之一。对近几年来围绕碳纳米材料制备、改性,以及这些改性碳纳米材料作为金属纳米粒子载体等的研究工作做了较为详细的综述,同时介绍了掺杂碳纳米材料作为氧还原催化剂的研究进展。     

冷拉减面率对C形环用Inconel X-750丝材组织性能的影响

文章通过冷拉拔加工制备减面率为0%、30%、60%的Inconel X-750丝材,分别在650℃、730℃、810℃下时效处理16h,研究冷拉减面率对X-750合金组织性能的影响,特别是减面率对γ′相形状、分布、数量及尺寸的影响。经定量分析,增大冷拉减面率除了有细化晶粒的作用外,还能一定程度地增加γ′相析出的颗粒数量及体积分数,减小γ′相尺寸,进一步加强沉淀强化的作用。时效温度对X-750丝材的晶粒尺寸没有明显影响,对γ′相的数量、尺寸及形状影响较大。采用730℃时效处理16h的标准工艺制备的X-750丝材,经加工为弹簧后制造成金属C形密封环,其回弹量及泄漏率均满足要求,实验条件下密封性能良好。     

低介电常数微波介质陶瓷研究进展

随着微波通信技术向毫米波段延伸,低介电常数微波介质陶瓷的开发成为介质材料的研究热点。概述了Al2O3系、硅酸盐系、AAl2O4系(A=Zn、Mg)、钨酸盐系、磷酸盐系及石榴石结构化合物体系等低介电常数微波陶瓷材料体系的研究进展,并指出了低介电常数微波介质陶瓷目前存在的问题及发展趋势。     

低温预氧化对PIP-SiCf/SiC复合材料介电性能的影响

分析了低温预氧化过程对聚碳硅烷(PCS)先驱体结构的影响,研究了不同预氧化温度和时间下SiCf/SiC复合材料室温和高温介电性能的演变规律。结果表明:经预氧化处理后基体中的氧含量增加,生成具有低介电常数的Si CxOy相,且其含量随着预氧化温度的升高或时间的延长逐渐增加,SiC微晶和自由碳的含量均减少,因此SiCf/SiC复合材料的复介电常数明显降低,同时高温复介电常数的升高幅度显著减小。经260℃-6 h预氧化处理后,700℃时复合材料在整个X波段的反射率均达到-8 d B以下,高温吸波性能得到有效改善。     

二次烧结气氛对La0.7Sr0.3MnO3氧还原催化活性的影响

采用溶胶一凝胶法结合二次高温烧结技术,制备了锰系钙钛矿催化剂.利用XRD和EDS对催化剂的物相与元素组成进行了分析,并利用电化学分析方法研究了催化剂的氧还原催化性能.XRD与EDS结果表明,N2气氛二次烧结不改变La0.7Sr0.3-MnO3物相组成,但NH3气氛二次烧结会造成Lao.7 Sr0.3MnO3分解.电化学结果表明,N2气氛二次烧结催化剂的氧还原催化活性高于NH3气氛二次烧结催化剂,其氧还原起始电势与极限电流分别为0.028 V(vs.Hg/HgO)和2.181 mA.cm-2(2 000 r/min).     

Effect of microwave sintering on the microstructure and electrical properties of low-voltage ZnO varistors

Coarse-grained ZnO varistors for low-voltage applications were prepared by microwave sintering technique under different soaking times of 5–150?min. For comparison, a low-voltage ZnO varistor was also prepared through a conventional sintering process. Microwave sintering remarkably enhanced the grain growth rate of ZnO varistors. Average grain size of the sample prepared by microwave sintering in 15?min was about 20?µm, which is similar to the grain size of sample prepared conventionally in 150?min time. In addition to grain growth, an increase in microwave sintering time led to precipitation of zinc titanate (Zn₂TiO₄) on the top surface of samples which sintered for long dwell times. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy results from different points of the samples declared that precipitation of Zn₂TiO₄ phase is due to the high rate of bismuth evaporation of Bi-rich liquid from top surface and the reaction between remaining titanium ions on the surface with ZnO. The results showed that increasing sintering time from 5 to 150?min increased the grain size from 14 to 33?µm, consequently, the breakdown field decreased from 90 to 27?V/mm, respectively. These changes led to a switch in the varistor application, from low to very low voltage.     

Semisupervised dimensionality reduction for hyperspectral images based on the combination of semisupervised learning and metric learning

This paper presents a semisupervised dimensionality reduction (DR) method based on the combination of semisupervised learning (SSL) and metric learning (ML) (CSSLML-DR) in order to overcome some existing limitations in HSIs analysis. Specifically, CSSML focuses on the difficulties of high dimensionality of hyperspectral images (HSIs) data, the insufficient number of labelled samples and inappropriate distance metric. CSSLML aims to learn a local metrics under which the similar samples are pushed as close as possible, and simultaneously, the different samples are pulled away as far as possible. CSSLML constructs two local-reweighted dynamic graphs in an iterative two-steps approach: L-step and V-step. In L-step, the local between-class and within-class graphs are updated. In V-step, the transformation matrix and the reduced space are updated. The algorithm is repeated until a stopping criterion is satisfied. Experimental results on two well-known hyperspectral image data sets demonstrate the superiority of CSSLML algorithm compared to some traditional DR methods.